3 Changes in American Investing that the Crisis Brought
The financial meltdown 10 years ago had long-lasting effects that aren’t going away.
The bottom of market plunge that accompanied the worldwide financial crisis reached its 10th anniversary over the weekend, on March 10. For good or for ill, it produced three major changes in US investments. And most think this trio of altered behavior is going to be with us for some time.
The 2008-09 global financial crisis “changed people’s thinking about investing,” said John W. Rogers, chairman of Ariel Investments. Amid more stock market volatility, the folks who buy stocks and the ones who issue them are acting differently than before Lehman Brothers collapsed, which touched off the worst economic catastrophe since the 1930s.
The steep plunge the market endured, down 56% from its peak in 2007, was bound to mess with the national investment psyche. In the 1920s, even shoe-shine boys were investing in stocks. But come the 1929 crash and the ensuing Great Depression, attitudes changed. For a couple of generations, stocks were avoided by many. By 2008, this had changed and half of US households were in stocks, mainly through workplace 401(k)s.
The crisis and the slow recovery that followed produced these three major shifts in the investing world:
The Push into Passive. Time was that investors put their money into individual stocks or actively managed mutual funds. But people noticed coming out of the crisis that active management had fared far worse than index funds. And that index outperformance has continued to be the case.
So active equity funds are bleeding money as investors redeem and transfer the dollars into passively managed funds, especially ones tracking the S&P 500 index.
According to Morningstar data, passive US stock funds have increased their market share to 48.1% as of the end of 2018, from 45.7% the year before. And new money has bypassed active funds for index alternatives. Over $150 billion got pulled from active funds over all categories, and almost double that went into passive funds.
Investor Skittishness. Even when the market has climbed higher, like in 2017 and thus far this year (last week excepted), investor emotions have “been on a roller coaster,” as Delta Investment Management observed in a note to clients.
Individual investor purchases of funds have swung wildly—down in 2015 and 2016, up in 2017, down in 2018. Meanwhile, insiders and institutions have kept on steadily buying into what is the second-longest bull run in history.
Buybacks Balloon. And then there are buybacks, which are a decision of companies, not individual investors, although those investors are happy to sell their shares back to the issuer at a premium to market. Quarterly buybacks topped $600 billion last year. And it is not retreating.
Companies simply believe that their excess cash is put to better use supporting the share price than building new factories or hiring new workers, who may not be needed. Why? Because who knows when the economy will take another dive.
Once burned …
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