Duke Pays More than $10 Million to Settle Retirement Plan Lawsuits

The university allegedly violated ERISA with poor investments and unreasonable expenses.

Duke University has agreed to pay $10.65 million to settle two lawsuits that alleged it breached its duties under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) by causing its 403(b) plan to incur unreasonable recordkeeping expenses, while providing underperforming investment options.

The settlement came after two years of litigation, more than 762,000 pages of documents, extensive discovery, and almost six months of “arm’s length negotiations” with the assistance of a national mediator, according to documents filed with The US District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina.

“This settlement includes both financial compensation and non-monetary improvements to the plan going forward,” said the plaintiffs’ attorney Jerry Schlichter in a statement. “It will enable Duke employees and retirees to improve their ability to build their retirement assets for years to come.”

The settlement requires the plan’s fiduciaries to retain an independent consultant regarding bids for recordkeeping services, to ease the ability of participants to transfer their investments out of frozen annuity accounts, analyze the cost of different share classes of mutual funds considered for inclusion in the plan, and avoid the use of plan assets to pay salaries of employees who work on the plan.

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Duke also agreed to provide a list of the retirement plan’s investment options and fees, and a copy of the plan’s investment policy statement. It is also required to communicate in writing with current plan participants, inform them of the investment options available in the new lineup, including the annuity option, and provide a link to a webpage containing the fees and performance information for the new investment options.

Duke denied it committed any fiduciary breach in its operation of the plan.

“This settlement was made solely to avoid the expense and inconvenience of prolonged litigation, and to ensure that Duke University’s resources are spent on retirement contributions for faculty and staff rather than the costs of litigation,” Michael Schoenfeld, Duke University’s vice president for public affairs and government relations, said in an email to the university’s student-run newspaper The Chronicle.

Under the terms of the proposed settlement, the majority of class members will automatically receive their distributions directly into their tax-deferred retirement account. Those who already left the retirement plan and no longer have an active account will be given the option to receive their distributions in the form of a check made out to them individually or as a roll-over into another tax-deferred account.

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How Dallas Police and Fire Plans to Revitalize Its Portfolio

New CIO Kent Custer describes his team’s approach to transform the pension’s growth engine.

Kent Custer



The Dallas Police and Fire Pension System’s new Chief Investment Officer Kent Custer is working to reinvigorate the $2 billion portfolio he inherited last July.

The strategy recommended by its consultant Meketa and subsequently approved by the board is mostly founded on the principle of increasing the portfolio’s beta to traditional equity while significantly decreasing its private markets holdings.

“We want to improve fund liquidity and shift our growth engine predominantly to the public equity markets,” Custer told CIO.

The total fund’s performance clocked in at -0.4% (2Q18), 1.3% (trailing one-year), and -0.1% (trailing three-year), respectively, according to the most recently issued report dated June 30,, 2018. The fund is less than 50% funded, significant illiquid, and receiving lower than projected contributions, with a roughly equal ratio between active to retired participants.

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Custer and his team intend to fully liquidate the plan’s private infrastructure and private debts holdings, and partially liquidate its holdings in private natural resources, as well as a host of other initiatives to help attain an average 7.25% per year. Meketa’s October 2018 analysis of the impact on the manager roster of implementing the proposed asset allocation includes the following summary:

The system will lower its exposure to private markets through “a natural process driven by fund or asset managers as the underlying assets mature,” Custer told CIO. “Mature assets are being marketed and sold at fair market value. DPFP has adequate liquidity and we don’t anticipate discounted transactions or utilization of the secondary market.”

Custer was named CIO in July 2018. He replaced James A. Perry, who resigned in July 2016 to join Maple Fund Services. Custer previously served as CIO of the College Illinois prepaid tuition program, and as a senior investment officer at the Illinois Teachers’ Retirement System.

Since joining the Dallas team, it’s been “a busy few months with a new board, consultant, and CIO reviewing the fund and implementing a new asset allocation, implementation plan, and investment policy,” Custer said. “Looking forward, I expect and hope that 2019 will be relatively boring.”

Private Markets Portfolio
The DPFP outlined how it expects the private markets portfolio to be transformed over the next several years.

From a portfolio value of $947 million at the end of 2018, the portfolio is expected to decrease to $649 million at the end of 2019, to $356 million, $158 million, and $81 million at the end of each subsequent year, respectively.

Actual sales and distribution activity tallied at the end of 2018 was lower than projected figures from its February 2018 board meeting. “Mostly this is just timing,” Custer told CIO. “It is important to note that these are rough projections and not goals.”

A breakdown of the plan’s private markets activity from its January Private Asset Cash Flow Projection Update report can be seen below:

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