Drinking Through a Diversity Hangover

As the fog clears... What if investors don't want diversity in asset management?

CIO-Europe-April-2015-Scene-and-Heard-Alex-Eben-Meyer-storyArt by Alex Eben Meyer“You know, Nick,” I say, sipping on a glass of pink Champagne. “We might have been missing the bigger picture on this lack of diversity issue.”

“What’s that, Liz?” asks Nick, as an asset management host refills our glasses.

“What if the asset owners don’t want women in fund management?” I question, chewing on a cheese straw. “I mean, this could be just one big boys’ club. Olive?”

We are in the exhibition hall of the Edinburgh International Conference Centre. It has been decked out with stalls sponsored by companies offering a wide range of financial services to institutional investors. For the next three days, stewards of the UK’s retirement assets will be educated and entertained by experts who have information to impart—or products to push—at the annual National Association of Pension Funds’ Investment Conference.

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Before we had hit the complimentary champers, Jimmy Wales, co-founder of Wikipedia and one of the few speakers from outside the investment world, had told the audience all about his internet encyclopaedia.

“Around 87% of Wikipedia editors are men,” he noted, “… which is about the same as this audience.” Wales was, in fact, wrong: Only 75% of the delegates who sat before him were men.

The following day, renowned genetics expert Professor Robert Winston makes a similar observation. “Most of you in this room are males. Some of you are over the age of 50—quite a lot of you…”

That both these external speakers—themselves from gender-imbalanced sectors—found the male dominance of the industry worthy of comment is worthy of comment in itself.

But while 25% of the delegates are women—which is above the industry average—just 6.4% of the entire mob are female pension fund trustees. That’s 49 out of 760, for those checking my maths. The figure makes the 15 female speakers out of 67 on the line-up (22.6%) seem verging on equality. (For reference, there are 212 male trustees, making up 28% of total attendees.)

The usual arguments trotted out for why women are so thin on the ground in asset management do not apply here. A trustee’s role isn’t full time, so there’s no need for “flexible working”. The few meetings a year could be worked around maternity leave/baby duties if that was a sticking point. Women are returning to work in larger numbers than ever before so the older female workforce remains in place.

“I don’t know why there are so very few female trustees,” says a high-ranking pension professional (male) who has stopped by the stand for a free beer. “It would be interesting to find out. Do you think it really makes a difference?”

Later on at a post-dinner cocktail party (you’ve grasped the main thrust of the event by now, haven’t you?) we get our answer.

“They don’t want to know,” says the female head trustee for a large UK defined benefit (DB) pension. “I sit at a table of men who have been there longer than I have and it’s very difficult for me to assert my authority, to talk about new ideas.”

We could (and do) go on for hours about equal pay and the struggle our foremothers had in the last century, but perhaps the lack of diversity we are seeing in 2015 is a hangover from that era.

It is rare to see a trustee board made up of cross-section of ages, let alone genders. This has much to do with the disconnect between generations as DB funds have made way for self-managed defined contribution options: If you’re not being offered a DB plan, do you care how they’re managed?

Also, it would strike me as odd if I sat on a trustee board with an uneven ratio of men and women, whereas my father might not have noticed it. Far from being bigoted, he was just from another time.

Additionally, the lack of ethnic diversity on trustee boards is fairly astonishing. If more than a couple of percent of the delegate list was classed as anything other than Caucasian, I would be surprised.

On the last day of the conference, as the delegates trot out into the grey Edinburgh rain, flags above their heads read, “Living longer, investing smarter.”

To do so may need some radical re-thinking—with a more diverse team on board.

UK Annuity Reforms to ‘Boost De-Risking Market’

After a record year for risk-transfer deals, the changing shape of retirement in the UK could mean more capacity for insurers.

Reforms to the UK’s individual annuity market will result in more capacity for bulk annuity transactions, Aon Hewitt has claimed.

“The expected decrease in the number of annuities written in the individual annuity market has led to increased capacity in the reinsurance market.”—Martin Bird, Aon HewittIn a wide-ranging report into the de-risking sector, the consultancy giant said reinsurers operating in the UK could benefit from the abolition of compulsory annuitisation for defined contribution pension savers, as announced by Chancellor George Osborne last year.

“Following the announcements in the Budget 2014 and the new regime of flexibility, the expected decrease in the number of annuities written in the individual annuity market has led to increased capacity in the reinsurance market,” said Martin Bird, head of risk settlement at Aon Hewitt.

“This is good news for pension schemes, as reinsurers seek to replace the longevity risk they were expecting to take on from the individual annuity market with longevity risk transferred from defined benefit pension schemes and insurers in the bulk annuity market—offering a more competitive market and attractive terms.”

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Longevity risk transfers saw a surge in popularity last year, with the BT Pension Scheme breaking records with a £16 billion longevity swap. The Bell Canada Pension Plan also got in on the act earlier this year with a C$5 billion longevity swap with Sun Life. Today, the Prudential Insurance Company of America (PICA) announced its first longevity reinsurance transaction with UK-based insurer Pension Insurance Corporation. The deal will see PICA provide reinsurance to Pension Insurance Corporation for longevity risk associated for more than 6,700 pensioners.

Aon Hewitt’s report showed that buy-in and buy-out transactions in the UK reached a record £13.2 billion in 2014, up by 69% on 2013’s total. The figure included major transactions involving chemical company AkzoNobel and car parts manufacturer TRW Automotive.

Both of these deals were backed primarily by Legal & General (L&G). The UK-based insurance group took on £5.5 billion of the £6.1 billion of liabilities transferred in the two transactions, as it dominated the UK market. L&G took on roughly £6 billion in 2014, beating Pension Insurance Corporation into second place.

Bulk annuities market 2014“The fact that this new high was reached despite the further deterioration in bond yields in the second half of 2014, which pushed up pension costs, shows that recently the size of the bulk annuity market has been driven more than ever by a small minority of large transactions,” said Paul Belok, risk settlement adviser at Aon Hewitt.

Outside of the UK, Matt Wilmington, also a risk settlement adviser at the consultant, said there was a small window of opportunity for US pensions to provide lump sums to employees at a discount of 7%-10% to the underlying liability. This is due to the Internal Revenue Service publishing calculation methods for lump sums based on old mortality data.

In Europe, Wilmington said there was “patches of settlement activity in the Netherlands and in the Nordics” but de-risking was yet to take off to the same degree as in the UK and US.

“There are a number of reasons for this, not least a continued difference in view between insurers and pension plans on realistic rates of longevity improvements,” Wilmington said. “As this gap starts to narrow and the market matures to a similar extent as it has in the UK and North America we expect to see significantly more interest – providers are certainly keeping a close eye on all of the major markets in Europe.”

Related Content: Will the UK Budget Make Pension Buyouts Cheaper? & De-Risking Breaks (More) Records

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